JURNAL AGRILINK: KAJIAN AGRIBISNIS DAN RUMPUN ILMU SOSIOLOGI PERTANIAN
Jurnal Agrilink adalah jurnal yang diterbitkan oleh Program Studi Agribisnis Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Simalungun secara reguler setiap enam bulan sekali untuk tujuan mendeseminasikan hasil penelitian dan pengabdian yang dilakukan oleh mahasiswa, dosen, peneliti dan pengabdi. Topik keilmuan yang melingkupi Jurnal Agrilink adalah bidang ekonomi pertanian dan agribisnis secara luas. Semua makalah yang diterbitkan secara online oleh Jurnal Agrilink terbuka untuk pembaca dan siapapun dapat mendownload atau membaca jurnal tanpa melanggan maupun membayar.
Program Studi Agribisnis Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Simalungun
Analisis Perbandingan Produksi dan Pemasaran Ikan Nila Keramba Masyarakat dan Nelayan Tambun Raya
This research aims to analyze marketing channels and efficiency in the marketing system for KJA cultivation products and tilapia fishermen's results, as well as analyzing the comparison of production and business income between KJA and fishermen in Tambun Raya Village. The sampling technique was carried out using a survey, taking the entire population, namely 15 KJA people and 15 fishing fishermen. The data analysis method used is margin analysis and marketing efficiency as well as an independent sample statistical test (t test) using the SPSS version 21 application tools.The results of the research show that the statistical test obtained a sig value. 2-tailed production is 0.000 < 0.050, meaning that the average KJA fish cultivation production is very significantly different from the production of fishermen's catches, meanwhile the sig. 2-tailed average income is 0.125 > 0.050, this means that the income from KJA cultivation does not have a significant difference to the income of captured fishermen. Marketing channels in Tambun Raya are marketing channels from farmers à trader collectors à consumers. The marketing margin in marketing channel I for KJA cultivators is IDR 5,000/Kg, where the farmer's selling price is IDR. 30,000 and the selling price to retailers is IDR 35,000. Meanwhile, the marketing margin on channel 1 Fisherman is IDR. 5000/kg, where the selling price for fishermen is IDR. 25,000/kg and the selling price for retailers is IDR. 30,000/kg. Marketing of KJA fish cultivation and fish caught by fishermen can be said to be efficient because the EP value of KJA fish is 0.66% < 50%. The EP value of fish caught by fishermen is 0.8% < 50%.
Doni Raipasro Damanik Doni Raipasro Damanik
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ANALISIS FAKTOR – FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PENDAPATAN PENGOLAH GULA AREN (Studi kasus : Nagori Dalig Raya, Kecamatan Raya, Kabupaten Simalungun)
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk : (1) Untuk mengetahui pendapatan pengolah gula aren di Nagori Dalig Raya, Kecamtan Raya, Kabupaten Simalungun. (2) Mengetahui faktor faktor yang mempengaruhi pendapatan pengolah gula aren di Nagori Dalig Raya, Kecamatan Raya, Kabupaten Simalungun. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan 18 Februari 2024 sampai dengan 30 Februari 2024 di Nagori Dalig Raya, Kecamatan Raya, Kabupaten Simalungun. Sampel pengolah gula aren sebanyak 30 pengusaha yang di ambil secara sengaja. Data primer diperoleh dengan menggunakan daftar pertanyaan yang telah di persiapkan terlebih dahulu,sedangkan data sekunder diperoleh dari daftar bacaan, lembaga/instansi terkait yang relevan dengan kebutuhan penelitian. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah bantuan SPSS dengan rumus regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) Rata rata penerimaan pengolah gula aren Rp.3.647.387 dan rata rata total biaya pengerajin gula aren sebesar Rp.2.674.229. Maka pendapatan pengerajin gula aren didaerah penelitian yaitu Rp.974.157. (2) Pendapatan pengolah gula aren di Nagori Dalig Raya, kecamatan Raya, Kabupaten Simalungun. di pengaruhi oleh volume nira berpengaruh positif jika bertambah 1 liter maka pendapatannya akan bertambah sebesar 20902,208, Penyusutan alat berpengaruh negatif jika berkurang 1 alat maka pendapatannya pendapatanya akan berkurang sebesar 2,257, Biaya kayu bakar berpengaruh negatif jika berkurang 1 ikat maka pendapatanya akan berkurang sebesar 1,591, Hari orang kerja berpengaruh negatif jika berkurang 1 hari maka pendaptannya akan berkurang sebesar 65646,435. This study aims to: To find out how much palm sugar craftsmen earn in Dalig Raya Village. To find out how factors influence (volume of sap, depreciation costs, tool costs and number of workers) on the income of palm sugar craftsmen in the research area. The data analysis method used is SPSS with the multiple linear regression formula. The research results show that (1) The average income of palm sugar craftsmen is IDR. 3,116,550 and the average total cost of palm sugar craftsmen is Rp. 1,909,477. So the income of palm sugar craftsmen in the research area is IDR 1,207,073. (2) Based on the results of multiple linear regression analysis, it was obtained simultaneously that income was influenced by the volume of sap, equipment maintenance costs, firewood costs and the number of workers. However, partially the variable costs of sap volume and working days have a significant effect on the income of palm sugar craftsmen, while tool depreciation costs and firewood costs have no real effect.
PENGARUH UMUR DAN JUMLAH TANGGUNGAN KELUARGA TERHADAP PRODUKTIVITAS TENAGA KERJA PEMANEN KELAPA SAWIT
Studi ini mengeksplorasi dampak usia dan jumlah individu yang menjadi tanggungan keluarga terhadap efisiensi kerja pemanen kelapa sawit. Pendekatan yang diterapkan adalah analisis regresi linear berganda, menggunakan data primer yang diperoleh dari 30 partisipan. Semua pengujian asumsi klasik mengkonfirmasi validitas model secara statistik, termasuk normalitas, ketiadaan multikolinearitas, heteroskedastisitas, dan autokorelasi. Analisis hasil mengindikasikan bahwa secara individual, hanya variabel usia yang memiliki dampak signifikan terhadap produktivitas, sementara jumlah tanggungan keluarga tidak menunjukkan pengaruh yang berarti. Meskipun demikian, ketika diuji bersama-sama, kedua variabel tersebut secara kolektif berpengaruh signifikan terhadap produktivitas. Koefisien determinasi (R2) sebesar 0,415 menandakan bahwa model ini mampu menjelaskan sekitar 41,5% dari total variasi produktivitas. Hasil penelitian ini menekankan bahwa karakteristik sosial-demografi, terutama usia, berperan krusial dalam peningkatan performa pekerja di industri perkebunan kelapa sawit. This study aims to analyze the influence of age and number of dependents on the productivity of oil palm harvest workers. The method used is multiple linear regression based on primary data collected from 30 respondents. All classical assumption tests confirmed that the model met statistical requirements, including normality, no multicollinearity, heteroscedasticity, and autocorrelation. The results showed that partially, only the age variable had a statistically significant effect on productivity, while the number of dependents was not significant. However, both variables jointly had a significant effect on productivity. The coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.415 indicates that approximately 41.5% of the variation in productivity is explained by the model. These findings highlight the importance of socio-demographic characteristics, particularly age, in improving labor performance in the oil palm plantation sector.
ANALISIS TATA NIAGA BAWANG MERAH DI KELURAHAN HARANGGAOL, KECAMATAN HARANGGAOL HORISON, KABUPATEN SIMALUNGUN
Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah (1) mendeskripsikan saluran tataniaga bawang merah dan fungsi-fungsi saluran tataniaga bawang merah di Kecamatan Haranggaol dan (2) menganalisis margin tataniaga dan efisiensi tataniaga bawang merah di Kecamatan Haranggaol. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari data primer dan data sekunder baik data yang bersifat kualitatif maupun kuantitatif. Data primer diperoleh melalui observasi langsung di lapangan, wawancara langsung dan pengisian kuisioner yang diajukan kepada responden. Sementara itu, data sekunder diperoleh dari kajian literatur dan instansi pemerintah lokal yang menyediakan informasi tentang lokasi dan kondisi wilayah penelitian, serta data tambahan dari berbagai dokumen fisik maupun digital. Analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis usahatani dan margin pemasaran bawang merah. Usahatani Bawang merah di Nagori pematang Haranggaol Horison memiliki pendapatan yang besar dan usaha layak dikembangkan karena hasil analisis R/C ratio adalah sebesar 3,22 yang artinya setiap pengeluaran sebesar Rp 1,00 akan mendapatkan penerimaan sebesar Rp 3,22. Sistem Tataniaga bawang merah di Haranggaol melibatkan beberapa tahap dari petani hingga konsumen akhir. Proses ini melibatkan produksi, pengumpulan, distribusi, dan pemasaran. Saluran pemasaran di kecamatan Dolok Silau terbagi menjadi 3 Saluran pemasaran dengan melibatkan 2 lembaga pemasaran yaitu pedagang pengumpul desa dan pedagang pengecer yaitu: a) Saluran I : Petani ke Konsumen dan b) Saluran II : Petani ke Pedagang Pengumpul Desa ke Konsumen. Analisis efesiensi pada sistem tataniaga usahatani Bawang merah menunjukkan bahwa pada saluran pemasaran I mendapatkan nila EP 0%, sedangkan pada saluran pemasaran II mendapatkan nilai EP sebesar 15,94 %, sehingga dapat dikatakan bahwa saluran pemasaran I yang petani menjual bawang merah langsung ke konsumen lebih efisien dibandingkan dengan petani yang menjual bawang merah ke pedagang pengumpul desa dan pedagang pengecer. The objectives of this study are (1) to describe the shallot trading channels and the functions of the shallot trading channels in Haranggaol District and (2) to analyze the trading margin and efficiency of shallot trading in Haranggaol District. The data used in this study consist of primary data and secondary data, both qualitative and quantitative data. Primary data were obtained through direct observation in the field, direct interviews and filling out questionnaires submitted to respondents. Meanwhile, secondary data were obtained from literature reviews and local government agencies that provide information about the location and conditions of the research area, as well as additional data from various physical and digital documents. The analysis used is the analysis of shallot farming and marketing margin. Shallot farming in Nagori Pematang Haranggaol Horison has a large income and the business is feasible to be developed because the results of the R/C ratio analysis are 3.22, which means that every expenditure of Rp1.00 will get an income of Rp3.22. The shallot trading system in Haranggaol involves several stages from farmers to end consumers. This process involves production, collection, distribution, and marketing. Marketing channels in Dolok Silau sub-district are divided into 3 marketing channels involving 2 marketing institutions, namely village collectors and retailers, namely: a) Channel I: Farmers to Consumers and b) Channel II: Farmers to Village Collectors to Consumers. Efficiency analysis of the shallot farming business trading system shows that in marketing channel I the EP value is 0%, while in marketing channel II the EP value is 15.94%, so it can be said that marketing channel I where farmers sell shallots directly to consumers is more efficient compared to farmers who sell shallots to village collectors and retailers.
PENGARUH UPAH DAN PREMI TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN PANEN KELAPA SAWIT DI PTPN IV REGIONAL II UNIT KEBUN PABATUKABUPATEN SERDANG BEDAGAI
Keberadaan Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM) merupakan elemen krusial yang tak terpisahkan dari eksistensi dan kelangsungan operasional sebuah entitas, baik dalam konteks institusi maupun korporasi. Peran SDM sangatlah fundamental, mengingat merekalah yang menjadi motor penggerak utama dalam setiap aktivitas organisasi, memastikan bahwa tujuan-tujuan yang telah ditetapkan dapat tercapai secara efektif dan efisien. Tanpa kontribusi aktif dari individu-individu yang membentuk SDM, mustahil bagi suatu organisasi untuk dapat berfungsi secara optimal dan mempertahankan relevansinya di tengah dinamika lingkungan yang terus berubah. Oleh karena itu, pengelolaan dan pengembangan SDM menjadi prioritas strategis yang menentukan daya tahan serta prospek pertumbuhan jangka panjang sebuah organisasi. SDM pada hakikatnya adalah individu-individu yang bekerja dalam suatu organisasi, berperan sebagai perencana sekaligus pelaksana kegiatan, serta menjadi penggerak utama dalam upaya pencapaian tujuan organisasi tersebut. Dalam konteks perusahaan perkebunan, tenaga kerja pemanen merupakan salah satu komponen produksi yang sangat menentukan. Karyawan pada bagian ini dituntut untuk mampu memberikan kontribusi optimal melalui peningkatan kinerja, yang dievaluasi berdasarkan kuantitas dan kualitas hasil panen yang dicapai. Salah satu aspek yang diyakini mampu mendorong peningkatan kinerja tenaga kerja pemanen adalah penerapan sistem upah dan premi panen yang diterapkan oleh perusahaan. Tujuan utama dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui sejauh mana tingkat kinerja para karyawan pemanen, serta menganalisis pengaruh dari sistem upah dan premi panen terhadap kinerja mereka. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di PTPN IV Kebun Pabatu yang terletak di Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai. Metode yang digunakan dalam pemilihan responden adalah purposive sampling, dengan kriteria pemilihan yaitu karyawan pemanen yang bekerja pada tanaman kelapa sawit yang memiliki karakteristik umur tanaman, kontur lahan (topografi), serta teknik pemanenan yang seragam. Dalam pelaksanaan penelitian ini, sebanyak 80 individu telah dipilih sebagai sampel untuk mewakili keseluruhan responden yang dijadikan objek kajian tenaga kerja pemanen. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode skala Likert untuk mengukur tingkat kinerja, Selain itu, digunakan metode analisis regresi linier berganda guna mengidentifikasi sejauh mana hubungan yang terjadi antar variabel dalam penelitian ini. Hasil pengolahan data menunjukkan bahwa secara simultan, variabel upah dan premi panen memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan pemanen. Selain itu, secara parsial, masing-masing variabel tersebut baik upah maupun premi juga terbukti memberikan dampak signifikan terhadap kinerja tenaga kerja pemanen. The existence of Human Resources (HR) is a crucial element that is inseparable from the existence and operational continuity of an entity, both in the context of institutions and corporations. The role of HR is fundamental, considering that they are the main driving force in every organizational activity, ensuring that the goals that have been set can be achieved effectively and efficiently. Without the active contribution of the individuals who make up HR, it is impossible for an organization to function optimally and maintain its relevance amidst the dynamics of an ever-changing environment. Therefore, the management and development of HR is a strategic priority that determines the durability and long-term growth prospects of an organization. Human resources are essentially individuals who work in an organization, act as planners and implementers of activities, and become the main driving force in efforts to achieve the organization's goals. In the context of plantation companies, harvester labor is one of the most decisive components of production. Employees in this section are required to be able to make optimal contributions through improved performance, which is evaluated based on the quantity and quality of the harvest achieved. One aspect that is believed to be able to encourage the improvement of harvester labor performance is the application of the wage system and harvest premium applied by the company. The main objective of this study is to determine the level of performance of the harvester employees, as well as to analyze the effect of the wage system and harvest premium on their performance. This research was conducted at PTPN IV Kebun Pabatu located in Serdang Bedagai Regency. The method used in the selection of respondents is purposive sampling, with the selection criteria being harvester employees working on oil palm plants that have characteristics of plant age, land contours (topography), and uniform harvesting techniques. In the implementation of this study, 80 individuals were selected as samples to represent all respondents who were used as the object of the harvester labor study. The data obtained were analyzed using the Likert scale method to measure the level of performance. In addition, the multiple linear regression analysis method was used to identify the extent of the relationship between variables in this study. The results of data processing show that simultaneously, the variables of wages and harvest premiums have a significant influence on the performance of harvester employees. In addition, partially, each of these variables, both wages and premiums, also proved to have a significant impact on the performance of the harvester workforce.
PENGARUH PENGETAHUAN PRODUK DAN BRAND AWARENESS TERHADAP NIAT BELI MINYAK GORENG SUNCO DI PASAR SWALAYAN MAJU BERSAMA GLUGUR
Sebagai salah satu andalan sektor pertanian di Indonesia, kelapa sawit memberikan dampak signifikan terhadap perekonomian negara. Komoditas ini tidak hanya menjadi sumber utama perolehan devisa, tetapi juga membuka banyak peluang kerja dan menyediakan bahan baku bagi beragam industri, termasuk produksi minyak goreng. Salah satu produk hasil olahan kelapa sawit adalah minyak goreng yang menjadi kebutuhan pokok masyarakat. PT. Musim Mas sebagai salah satu produsen minyak goreng nasional dengan merek SunCo menghadapi persaingan ketat seiring meningkatnya kebutuhan pasar dan kemunculan berbagai merek pesaing.Penelitian ini menerapkan kerangka kerja Teori Perilaku Terencana (TPB) untuk mengeksplorasi faktor-faktor yang membentuk niat konsumen untuk membeli minyak goreng SunCo, dengan menggabungkan variabel inti sikap, norma subjektif, dan kontrol perilaku yang dirasakan, bersama dengan dua faktor eksternal tambahan: pengetahuan produk dan kesadaran merek.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji pengaruh Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) terhadap keputusan pembelian, dan untuk mengkaji pengaruh product knowledge dan brand awareness terhadap keputusan konsumen untuk membeli minyak goreng SunCo di Supermarket Maju Bersama Glugur Kota Medan.Temuan penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menawarkan wawasan berharga bagi praktisi bisnis dalam merumuskan strategi pemasaran efektif yang selaras dengan perilaku konsumen. As one of the mainstays of the agricultural sector in Indonesia, palm oil has a significant impact on the country's economy. This commodity is not only the main source of foreign exchange earnings, but also opens up many job opportunities and provides raw materials for various industries, including cooking oil production. One of the processed products of palm oil is cooking oil which is a staple food for the community. PT. Musim Mas as one of the national cooking oil producers with the SunCo brand faces tight competition along with increasing market demand and the emergence of various competing brands. This study applies the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) framework to explore the factors that shape consumer intentions to purchase SunCo cooking oil, by combining core variables of attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control, along with two additional external factors: product knowledge and brand awareness. The purpose of this study is to test the effect of Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) on purchasing decisions, and to examine the effect of product knowledge and brand awareness on consumer decisions to purchase SunCo cooking oil at the Maju Bersama Glugur Supermarket in Medan City. The findings of this study are expected to offer valuable insights for business practitioners in formulating effective marketing strategies that are in line with consumer behavior.
ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KESEJAHTERAAN PETANI KELAPA SAWIT DI DESA MABAR KECAMATAN BANGUN PURBA
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh harga tandan buah segar (TBS), luas lahan, dan produksi terhadap kesejahteraan petani kelapa sawit di Desa Mabar, Kecamatan Bangun Purba. Metode yang digunakan adalah regresi linear berganda dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Sampel terdiri dari 60 petani yang dipilih menggunakan rumus Slovin dari populasi sebanyak 150 orang. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui kuesioner dan observasi lapangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara simultan, ketiga variabel independen berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kesejahteraan petani. Namun secara parsial, hanya produksi yang terbukti berpengaruh signifikan secara statistik. Model regresi yang dibangun memiliki koefisien determinasi (R²) sebesar 0,676, yang berarti bahwa 67,6% variasi kesejahteraan petani dapat dijelaskan oleh model. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa peningkatan produksi merupakan faktor kunci dalam upaya meningkatkan kesejahteraan petani sawit skala kecil. This study aims to analyze the effects of fresh fruit bunch (FFB) prices, land area, and production on the welfare of oil palm farmers in Mabar Village, Bangun Purba District. A multiple linear regression method was applied using a quantitative approach. A total of 60 respondents were selected using Slovin’s formula from a population of 150 farmers. Data were collected through questionnaires and field observations. The results show that, simultaneously, all three independent variables significantly influence farmer welfare. However, only production has a statistically significant effect when tested individually. The regression model explains 67.6% of the variance in farmer welfare, as indicated by the coefficient of determination (R² = 0.676). These findings highlight the crucial role of improving production levels as a strategic effort to enhance the economic well- being of smallholder oil palm farmers.
ANALISIS KINERJA USAHATANI PERKEBUNAN KELAPA SAWIT RAKYAT DENGAN POLA KEMITRAAN (STUDI KASUS POLA KEMITRAAN KUD RATA DENGAN PT. ANUGERAH LANGKAT MAKMUR DIKECAMATAN BESITANG, KABUPATEN LANGKAT)
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat bagaimana model kemitraan yang diterapkan dan menilai dampak dari kemitraan dalam budidaya kelapa sawit terhadap tingkat pendapatan petani plasma yang bekerja sama dengan PT Anugerah Langkat Makmur di Kabupaten Langkat. Dua orang perwakilan perusahaan dipilih sebagai informan dengan menggunakan metode non-probability sampling dengan pendekatan judgement sampling. Sementara itu, informan dari kelompok tani dipilih secara purposive sampling, dengan total 83 partisipan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemitraan antara Koperasi Unit Desa (KUD) RATA dan PT Anugerah Langkat Makmur mengikuti model inti-plasma. Dalam model ini, perusahaan inti menangani tugas-tugas manajemen, memasok input pertanian, dan menawarkan dukungan teknis selama fase budidaya dan pemasaran, termasuk mengamankan akses pasar. Sebaliknya, petani plasma menyediakan lahan dan tenaga kerja. Rata-rata, pemilik lahan yang terlibat dalam kemitraan ini memperoleh pendapatan sebesar Rp20.506.116 dalam setahun. This research seeks to examine how the partnership model is implemented and to assess the impact of this partnership in oil palm cultivation on the income levels of plasma farmers who collaborate with PT Anugerah Langkat Makmur in Langkat Regency. Two company representatives were selected as informants using a non- probability sampling method with a judgment sampling approach. Meanwhile, informants from the farmer group were chosen through purposive sampling, with a total of 83 participants. The study's results indicate that the partnership between the RATA Village Unit Cooperative (KUD) and PT Anugerah Langkat Makmur follows the core-plasma model. Under this model, the core company handles management tasks, supplies agricultural inputs, and offers technical support throughout the cultivation and marketing phases, including securing market access. Conversely, plasma farmers provide land and labor. On average, landowners involved in this partnership earned Rp20,506,116 in a year.
ANALISIS PENGARUH HARGA TBS TEHADAP DAYA BELI PETANI SAWIT DI SEKITAR PERKEBUNAN KELAPA SAWIT DI DESA SALAPIAN KABUPATEN TANJUNG KELILING
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis seberapa besar pengaruh harga tandan buah segar (TBS), luas kepemilikan lahan, dan besaran biaya operasional terhadap daya beli petani kelapa sawit di Desa Salapian, Kabupaten Langkat. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif melalui metode regresi linier berganda yang diaplikasikan terhadap data primer hasil survei terhadap 100 responden petani sawit. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik stratified random sampling untuk mewakili variasi petani plasma dan mandiri. Variabel dependen yang digunakan adalah daya beli, yang diproksi melalui total pengeluaran rumah tangga per bulan, sementara variabel independennya mencakup harga TBS, luas lahan, dan biaya operasional bulanan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ketiga variabel independen secara simultan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap daya beli petani (p < 0,05). Namun secara parsial, hanya variabel luas lahan dan biaya operasional yang menunjukkan pengaruh signifikan secara statistik, sementara harga TBS tidak memberikan kontribusi bermakna terhadap daya beli. Nilai koefisien determinasi (R²) sebesar 0,663 menunjukkan bahwa model yang digunakan mampu menjelaskan sekitar 66,3% variasi daya beli petani. Temuan ini menekankan pentingnya kapasitas produksi dan efisiensi biaya dalam menentukan kesejahteraan ekonomi petani sawit, melebihi dampak fluktuasi harga pasar semata This study investigates the extent to which fresh fruit bunch (FFB) prices, land size, and operational costs influence the purchasing power of oil palm farmers in Salapian Village, Langkat Regency. Using a quantitative approach, the research applies multiple linear regression analysis to primary data collected from 100 farmers, selected through stratified random sampling. The dependent variable—farmers’ purchasing power—is measured by monthly household expenditures, while the independent variables include FFB price (X₁), land area (X₂), and operational expenses (X₃). The regression model yields a coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.663, indicating that 66.3% of the variation in purchasing power can be explained by the three predictors. Simultaneous significance testing confirms the joint influence of all independent variables on purchasing power. Furthermore, partial significance tests reveal that each variable individually exerts a statistically significant and positive effect. These findings highlight that beyond price fluctuations, structural factors such as land scale and the productive use of operating costs play a crucial role in shaping farmer welfare. The study suggests that integrated policies targeting market access, land availability, and cost efficiency are essential to improve the economic resilience of smallholder oil palm farmers.
ANALISIS FAKTOR FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PERILAKU KONSUMEN DALAM KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN KOPI(Studi Kasus : Pada Peminum Kopi Di Kedai Kopi Kecamatan Dolok Merawan)
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi perilaku konsumen dalam pengambilan keputusan pembelian kopi di Kecamatan Dolok Merawan, Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai. Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kuantitatif dengan teknik analisis regresi linier berganda. Penelitian ini melibatkan 30 responden dari tiga kedai kopi, yaitu Kaffa Grande Coffee, Warung Family, dan Kedai Kopi Uyong, yang dipilih secara purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara simultan, faktor budaya, sosial, pribadi, dan psikologis berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian kopi. Secara parsial, variabel budaya (X1), pribadi (X3), dan psikologis (X4) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian (Y), sedangkan faktor sosial (X2) tidak berpengaruh signifikan meskipun mendekati. Variabel psikologis (X4) merupakan faktor yang paling dominan memengaruhi keputusan pembelian dengan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,005. Koefisien determinasi (R²) sebesar 54% menunjukkan bahwa keempat variabel independen tersebut menjelaskan lebih dari setengah variasi keputusan pembelian, sedangkan sisanya dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain di luar penelitian. Penelitian ini memberikan pemahaman yang lebih mendalam mengenai perilaku konsumen dalam industri kedai kopi serta dapat menjadi referensi bagi pelaku usaha dalam merancang strategi pemasaran yang lebih efektif. This study aims to analyze the factors that influence consumer behavior in purchasing decisions of coffee in Dolok Merawan District, Serdang Bedagai Regency. The research uses a quantitative approach with multiple linear regression analysis. A total of 30 respondents were selected through purposive sampling from three coffee shops: Kaffa Grande Coffee, Warung Family, and Kedai Kopi Uyong. The results show that simultaneously, cultural, social, personal, and psychological factors significantly affect coffee purchasing decisions. Partially, cultural (X1), personal (X3), and psychological (X4) factors have a significant influence, while social factors (X2) do not, although the value is close to significance. The psychological factor (X4) is the most dominant, with a significance value of 0.005. The coefficient of determination (R²) of 54% indicates that these four independent variables explain more than half of the variation in purchasing decisions, with the remaining 46% influenced by other factors outside this study. This research provides a deeper understanding of consumer behavior in the coffee shop industry and can serve as a reference for business owners to develop more effective marketing strategies.
Efisiensi Pemasaran Komoditi Terong Ungu (Solanum malongena L.) Di Kabupaten Karo
Komoditas hortikultura berupa terong ungu dalam hal pemasaran memiliki banyak permasalahan dimana fluktuasi harga yang tinggi dan selisih harga yang tidak seimbang di tingkat petani produsen dengan harga di tingkat konsumen. Hal ini dikarenakan rantai perdagangan dari produsen ke konsumen cukup panjang, melibatkan banyak pelaku, dan menjadi beban biaya dalam proses pemasaran yang pada akhirnya akan mengurangi keuntungan rantai pemasaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat gambaran saluran pemasaran terong ungu saat ini dan menganalisis efisiensi masing-masing saluran pemasaran berdasarkan margin pemasaran dan farmer’s share. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif, dimana data kualitatif digunakan untuk menganalisis saluran pemasaran yang telah terbentuk dan data kuantitatif digunakan untuk menganalisis efisiensi operasional pemasaran dengan menggunakan Microsoft Excel dan tabulasi data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 3 saluran pemasaran Terong ungu yang umum dilalui oleh petani di Kabupaten Karo yaitu: I. Petani → Perantara Pedagang Pengepul desa → Pedagang Pengepul → Pedagang Pengepul besar → Pengecer Pedagang → Konsumen Akhir II. Petani → Pengepul Pedagang besar → Pengecer Pedagang → Konsumen Akhir III. Petani → Perantara Pedagang Pengepul desa → Pedagang Pengepul besar → Pengecer Pedagang→ Konsumen Akhir. Saluran III dimanfaatkan oleh 45% petani, saluran II sebesar 32% dan saluran I hanya sebesar 23%. Pangsa harga yang diterima petani pada masing-masing saluran pemasaran sebesar 50% untuk saluran I dan 58,82% untuk saluran II dan 47,05% untuk saluran III. Jadi secara operasional saluran II lebih efisien karena pangsa harga yang diterima petani lebih tinggi mencapai 58,82% , Saluran III menjadi saluran yang paling banyak persentase jumlah petani dalam pemasaran terong ungu karena keterbatasan transportasi yang dimiliki petani dalam membawa hasil panen nya langsung ke pasar maka lebih banyak petani terong ungu menggunakan saluran III sebesar 45% . The marketing of horticultural commodities such as purple eggplants faces numerous marketing challenges, with significant price fluctuations and an imbalance between the farmer-producer and consumer prices. This is because the trade chain from producer to consumer is quite long, involves many actors, and creates a cost burden in the marketing process, ultimately reducing the profitability of the marketing chain. This study aims to examine the current marketing channels for purple eggplants and analyze the efficiency of each channel based on marketing margins and farmer share. This study uses a descriptive analysis method, where qualitative data is used to analyze established marketing channels and quantitative data is used to analyze operational marketing efficiency using Microsoft Excel and data tabulation. The results of the study show that there are 3 marketing channels for purple eggplant that are commonly used by farmers in Karo Regency, namely: I. Farmers → Intermediaries Village Collectors → Collectors → Large Collectors → Retailers → Final Consumers- Farmers → Collectors Large Traders → Retailers → Final Consumers III. Farmers → Intermediaries Village Collectors → Large Collectors → Retailers → Final Consumers. Channel III is used by 45% of farmers, channel II by 32% and channel I only by 23%. The share of prices received by farmers in each marketing channel is 50% for channel I and 58.82% for channel II and 47.05% for channel III. So operationally, channel II is more efficient because the price share received by farmers is higher, reaching 58.82%. Channel III is the channel with the highest percentage of farmers in marketing purple eggplants due to the limited transportation that farmers have in bringing their harvest directly to the market, so more purple eggplant farmers use channel III, amounting to 45%.
ANALISIS FAKTOR – FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEPUTUSAN KONSUMEN DALAM MEMBELI PRODUK PERTANIAN ORGANIK
Salah satu gaya hidup sehat dan trendy yang berkembang di masyarakat saat ini adalah back to nature dengan mengonsumsi produk organik. Ada beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi keputusan pembelian konsumen terhadap suatu produk. Faktor-faktor tersebut adalah marketing mix yang terdiri dari produk, harga, prom osi dan lokasi serta faktor psikologis yang terdiri dari motivasi, persepsi, pembelajaran, dan cara pembelian dimana kedua faktor tersebut merupakan unsur eksternal dan internal. Berdasarkan uraian di atas, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh faktor pemasaran dan faktor psikologis terhadap keputusan pembelian produk organik Penelitian ini dilakukan di Sunrose Organik Shop sebagai tempat penelitian dasar yang terletak di Jl.H JI. KH. Zainul Arifin, Medan Petisah untuk menjaring responden yang disurvei. Metode pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling. Jumlah sampel yang diambil sebanyak 200 responden yang pernah melakukan pembelian minimal 5 kali. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan cara dokumentasi dan wawancara. Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa ditinjau dari aspek internal faktor psikologis yang terdiri dari motivasi, pembelajaran, dan sikap berpengaruh positif dan sangat signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian produk organik Sunrose Organik Shop, namun persepsi, promosi dan lokasi tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian produk organik Sunrose Organik Shop. Mengingat promosi berpengaruh positif maka disarankan kepada Sunrose Organik Shop agar lebih giat melakukan promosi melalui media cetak, media elektronik, dan media lainnya untuk menciptakan brand image kepada pelanggan dan calon pelanggan, sehingga harga tidak menjadi hal yang sensitif. Begitu pula dengan lokasi, mengingat lokasi berpengaruh positif maka disarankan kepada Sunrose Organik Shop agar lebih memperhatikan keberadaan lokasi. One of the healthy and trendy lifestyles that is developing in society today is back to nature by consuming organic products. There are several factors that influence consumer purchasing decisions for a product. These factors are the marketing mix consisting of product, price, promotion and location and psychological factors consisting of motivation, perception, learning, and purchasing methods where both factors are external and internal elements.Based on the description above, this study aims to analyze the influence of marketing factors and psychological factors on purchasing decisions for organic products. This study was conducted at Sunrose Organik Shop as a basic research location located on Jl.H JI. KH. Zainul Arifin, Medan Petisah to collect respondents who were surveyed. The sampling method used was purposive sampling. The number of samples taken was 200 respondents who had made purchases at least 5 times. Data collection techniques were by documentation and interviews. From the results of this study, it can be concluded that in terms of internal aspects, psychological factors consisting of motivation, learning, and attitudes have a positive and very significant effect on the decision to purchase organic products from Sunrose Organik Shop, but perception, promotion and location do not have a significant effect on the decision to purchase organic products from Sunrose Organik Shop.Considering that promotion has a positive effect, it is suggested that Sunrose Organik Shop be more active in promoting through print media, electronic media, and other media to create a brand image for customers and potential customers, so that price does not become a sensitive matter. Likewise with location, considering that location has a positive effect, it is suggested that Sunrose Organik Shop pay more attention to the existence of the location.
DINAMIKA HARGA PASAR TANDAN BUAH SEGAR DI KABUPATEN DELI SERDANG SUMATERA UTARA
Provinsi Sumatera Utara merupakan salah satu penghasil terbesar kelapa sawit di Indonesia, dimana penerimaan petani sangatlah tergantung pada Harga Tanda Buah (TBS). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mengetahui perkembangan harga tandan buah segara (TBS) Kelapa Sawit di Kabupaten Deli Serdang, (2) mengetahui kontribusi harga TBS di tingkat Nasional, Harga harga CPO dan produksi terhadap pembentukan harga TBS di pasar Deli Serdang, dan (3) mengetahui integrasi harga TBS di Tingkat Kabupaten Deliserdang dengan Harga Pasar TBS di itngkat Nasional. Menggunakan metode vector error correction model dengan data series 1994 – 2023. Hasil spesifikasi, estimasi dan pemeriksaan model diperoleh model North Sumatra Province is one of the largest producers of palm oil in Indonesia, where farmer income is highly dependent on the Fresh Fruit Bunch (FFB) Price. This study aims to (1) determine the development of the price of fresh fruit bunches (FFB) of oil palm in Deli Serdang Regency, (2) determine the contribution of FFB prices at the national level, CPO prices and production to the formation of FFB prices in the Deli Serdang market, and (3) determine the integration of FFB prices at the Deliserdang Regency level with FFB Market Prices at the national level. Using the vector error correction model method with data series 1994 - 2023. The results of the specifications, estimation and model checks obtained the
Analisis Pendapatan Sistem Agroforestry Di Desa Tigaras Kecamatan Dolok Pardamean. Kabupaten Simalungun
Agroforestry is one of the sustainable land management systems to increase total production by combining forestry plants, agricultural plants, or livestock as a whole. The agroforestry system is expected to be a source of income for the community. The amount of income of agroforestry farmers, using the following formula: I = TR-TC Where: I = net income (Rp / year), TR = total income (total income) TC = total cost (total cost). The amount of income of agroforestry farmers is calculated using the following formula: TR = Q x P where: TR = total income / total income (Rp) Q = Quantity / Amount of production (Kg) P = Price / Price (Rp). The amount of income of farmers who use the agroforestry system in Tigaras Village, Dolok Pardamean District, Simalungun Regency gets an average monthly result of Rp. 2,248,700.00. In this study, there were several agroforestry farmers whose monthly income did not reach Rp. 2,248,700.00, so that farmers whose income is below average have other side jobs. The composition of the types of plants developed is
EFESIENSI PEMASARAN KOMODITI PADI SAWAH DI KOTA PADANGSIDEMPUAN PROVINSI SUMATERA UTARA
Alur pemasaran adalah jaringan perusahaan yang secara bersama- sama bekerjasama untuk menciptakan dan mengantarkan produk sampai ke konsumen tingkat akhir. Rantai pasok berkaitan dengan alur distribusi barang dan jasa mulai dari tingkat produsen hingga sampai di tangan konsumen, untuk mengetahui aliran produk, aliran keuangan dan aliran informasi, efisiensi pemasaran, dan margin pemasaran pada rantai pasok padi serta dalam rantai pasok ini akan membentuk suatu kegiatan yang dapat menghasilkan nilai tambah produk. Mekanisme rantai pasok padi menjadi kajian yang penting untuk ditelusuri sehingga dapat ditemukan faktor yang menjadi penggerak rantai. Analisis rantai pasok yang tepat dapat memberikan masukan dalam meningkatkan efisiensi distribusi komoditi gabah. Perlu dilakukan kajian untuk mengetahui kontribusi yang dilakukan oleh pelaku rantai pasok padi (Fadhlullah, 2018). Alur pemasan pada penggilingan padi memiliki aliran produk, aliran keuangan dan aliran informasi. Struktur rantai pasok menjelaskan mengenai pihak- pihak yang terlibat pada rantai pasokan gabah pada penggilingan padi, pelaku dalam rantai pasok gabah adalah petani, pedagang pengumpul , penggilingan padi, pedagang besar, dan pedagang pengecer. Alur pemasaran padi sawah di Padangsidempuan memiliki alur seperti di bawah pada tahap awal yaitu pada petani padi sawah memiliki harga Rp. 5.000 dan pada tahap selanjutnya padi sawah tersebut diolah menjadi bera pada kilang beras dan di jual menjadi harga Rp.14.000 dan dilanjutkan pada tahap tiga, beras tersebut di jual ke pedagang besar dengan harga Rp.14.500 dan selanjutnya pada tahap ke empat dijual ke pedagang kecil dengan harga Rp.15.000 hingga sampai kepada konsumen. A marketing channel is a network of companies that work together to create and deliver products to final consumers. The supply chain is related to the flow of distribution of goods and services from the producer level to the consumer, to determine product flow, financial flow and information flow, marketing efficiency and marketing margins in the rice supply chain and in this supply chain it will form an activity that can produce added value products. The rice supply chain mechanism is an important study to explore so that the factors that drive the chain can be found. Proper supply chain analysis can provide input in increasing the distribution efficiency of grain commodities. A study needs to be carried out to determine the contribution made by rice supply chain actors (Fadhlullah, 2018). The processing flow in a rice mill has product flow, financial flow and information flow. The supply chain structure explains the parties involved in the grain supply chain at rice mills. The actors in the grain supply chain are farmers, collecting traders, rice mills, wholesalers and retailers. The marketing flow for lowland rice in Padangsidempuan has a flow as below in the initial stage, namely for lowland rice farmers the price is IDR. 5,000 and in the next stage the rice is processed into fallow at the rice mill and sold for IDR 14,000 and continued in stage three, the rice is sold to large traders at a price of IDR 14,500 and then in the fourth stage it is sold to small traders at a price of IDR 15,000 until it reaches consumers.
ANALISIS KELAYAKAN USAHA KOLANG-KALING( Studi Kasus : Desa Siatasan, Kecamatan Dolok Panribuan )
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: Menganalisis besar pendapatan usaha kolang-kaling di daerah penelitian, Menganalisis bagaimana kelayakan usaha kolang-kaling di daerah penelitian.Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada tanggal 01 Mei 2024 sampai dengan 30 Mei 2024 di Desa Siatasan,Kecamatan Dolok Panribuan,Kabupaten Simalungun.Sampel pengusaha kolang-kaling sebanyak 20 pengusaha yang diambil secara sengaja.Data primer diperoleh dengan menggunakan daftar pertanyaan yang telah dipersiapkan terlebih dahulu,sedangkan data sekunder diperoleh dari daftar bacaan,lembaga/instansi terkait yang relevan dengan kebutuhan penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: Usaha kolang-kaling di daerah penelitian menguntungkan dan layak dikembangkan,pendapatan pengusaha kolang-kaling di desa siatasan yaitu sebesar Rp.79.244.509, Usaha kolang-kaling di daerah penelitian layak untuk tetap diusahakan karena indikator-indikator yaitu NPV 456.857.062 > 0,Net B/C Ratio 1.2 > 1,IRR 20% > Tingkat bunga (14%),Payback Periodnya 2 tahun 4 bulan 2 minggu,BEP Produksi 6.850 Kg dan BEP Harga jual sebesar Rp.3.520/Kg. This research aims to: Analyze the income of the palm fruit business in the research area. Analyze the feasibility of the palm-frond business in the research area. This research was carried out from 01 May 2024 to 30 May 2024 in Siatasan Village, Dolok Panribuan District, Simalungun Regency. A sample of 20 palm-frog entrepreneurs was taken deliberately. Primary data was obtained using a list of questions that had been prepared in advance, while secondary data was obtained from reading lists, related institutions/agencies. relevant to research needs. The results of the research show that: The kolang-kaling business in the research area is profitable and worth developing, the income of the kolang-kaling entrepreneur in Siatasan village is IDR 79,244,509. The kolang-kaling business in the research area is worth continuing to operate because the indicators are NPV 456,857,062 > 0. Net B/C Ratio 1.2 > 1. IRR 20% > Interest rate (14%), Payback Period is 2 years 4 months 2 weeks, Production BEP is 6,850 Kg and BEP selling price is IDR 3,520/Kg.
PENGARUH EXPORT PROMOTION AGENCIES TERHADAP KINERJA EKSPOR LEMAK KAKAO INDONESIA
Pembentukan Export Promotion Agencies merupakan salah satu strategi pemerintah Indonesia untuk meningkatkan ekspor non migas termasuk kakao sebagai salah satu komoditas strategis. Namun pada kenyataannya peran Export Promotion Agencies menjadi dipertanyakan seiring dengan semakin fluktuatifnya ekspor non migas nasional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi nilai ekspor lemak kakao sebagai produk kakao olahan yang paling banyak diekspor. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan model gravitasi dengan regresi data panel yang melibatkan tujuh negara eksportir utama yaitu Malaysia, China, India, Amerika Seikat, Brazil, Jerman, dan Filiphina. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa PDB (Produk Domestik Bruto) negara pengimpor memiliki pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan terhadap nilai ekspor lemak kakao. Namun demikian variabel export promotion agencies belum memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap peningkatan nilai ekspor lemak kakao di negara tujuan utama. The establishment of Export Promotion Agencies is one of the Indonesian government's strategies to increase non-oil and gas exports, including cocoa as one of the strategic commodities. However, in reality, the role of Export Promotion Agencies has been called into question as national non-oil and gas exports have become increasingly volatile. This study aims to analyze the factors influencing the export value of cocoa butter as the most exported processed cocoa product. The research was conducted using a gravity model with panel data regression, involving seven major exporting countries: Malaysia, China, India, the United States, Brazil, Germany, and the Philippines. The results of the study indicate that the GDP (Gross Domestic Product) of importing countries has a positive and significant influence on the export value of cocoa butter. However, the variable of export promotion agencies has not yet shown a significant impact on increasing the export value of cocoa butter in the main destination countries.
ANALISIS DAMPAK PROGRAM PENGEMBANGAN USAHA AGRIBISNIS PEDESAAN (PUAP) TERHADAP PRODUKSI DAN PENDAPATAN PETANI DI KECAMATAN KUALUH SELATAN
Dampak Program Usaha Agribisnis Perdesaan (PUAP) terhadap tingkat pendapatan petani yang bertujuan untuk: (1) Untuk mengetahui tingkat keberhasilan pelaksanaan program PUAP di kecamatan kualuh selatan. (2) Untuk mengetahui kendala-kendala dan hambatan yang dihadapi dalam pelaksanaan program PUAP.(3) Untuk mengetahui besarnya pendapatan petani PUAP dibandingkan dengan pendapata petani sebelum ikut PUAP. Populasi penelitian ini adalah semua petani agribisnis yang mendapat bantuan dana PUAP. Analisis ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan data kualitatif yang dikumpulkan dari literatur Departemen Pertanian program PUAP, pengamatan, dan telaah pustaka. Adapun sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini, kriteria yang dijadikan sebagai sampel penelitian yaitu 62 Petani yang menerima bantuan modal PUAP 35 Petani non PUAP (tidak menerima program PUAP). Maka sampel dalam penelitian ini ditetapkan sebanyak 97 petani. Hasil penelitian responden penerima bantuan PUAP sebanyak 62 responden yang berasal dari produksi padi petani di Desa Hasang menunjukkan terdapat peningkatan rata-rata pendapatan petani secara keseluruhan dari sebelum menerima bantuan dengan sesudah menerima bantuan PUAP. berdasarkan data yang diperoleh dari 62 petani penerima Bantuan Langsung Masyarakat (BLM) PUAP di Kabupaten Labuhan Batu Utara, dapat dianalisis bahwa pendapatan mereka dipengaruhi oleh luas lahan, hasil produksi, harga jual per kuintal, total penerimaan, biaya tunai, biaya tidak tunai, dan pendapatan bersih. The Impact of the Rural Agribusiness Business Program (PUAP) on the level of income of farmers that aims to: (1) To determine the level of success of the implementation of the PUAP program in Tebing Tinggi Pangkat Village. (2) To find out the constraints and obstacles faced in the implementation of the PUAP program (3) To find out the amount of PUAP farmers 'income compared to the farmers' income before participating in PUAP. This analysis was carried out using qualitative data collected from the Department of Agriculture's PUAP program literature, observations, and literature review. As for the sample used in this research, the criteria used as the research sample were 62 farmers who received PUAP capital assistance and 35 non-PUAP farmers (not receiving the PUAP program). So the sample in this study was determined to be 97 farmers. The research results of 62 respondents who received PUAP assistance from rice production farmers in Hasang Village showed that there was an increase in the overall average income of farmers from before receiving assistance to after receiving PUAP assistance. Based on data obtained from 62 farmers who received PUAP Community Direct Assistance (BLM) in North Labuhan Batu Regency, it can be analyzed that their income is influenced by land area, production yield, selling price per quintal, total revenue, cash costs, non-cash costs, and net income.
ANALISIS USAHATANI DAN TATANIAGA NANAS DI KECAMATAN DOLOK SILAU KABUPATEN SIMALUNGUN
Penelitian ini bertujuan : 1. Menganalisis usahatani nanas di Kecamatan Dolok Silau Kabupaten Simalungun 2. Menganalisis sistem tataniaga nanas di Kecamatan Dolok Silau Kabupaten Simalungun. 3.Menganalisis sistem tataniaga nanas di Kecamatan Dolok Silau efisiensi atau tidak. Metode analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu analisis pendapatan usahatani analisis margin tataniaga, farmer’s share, dan R/C untuk menjawab hipotesis 1,2 dan 3. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Nagori Parasmian, Panribuan, dan Saran Padang Kecamatan Dolok Silau Kabupaten Simalungun. Hasil Penelitian menunjukan bahwa (1) Rata-rata biaya tetap usahatani nanas adalah Rp. 470.000 dengan persentase sebesar 5,8 % dari jumlah total biaya produksi. Sedangkan untuk jumlah biaya variabel keseluruhannya adalah Rp. 8.098.768 dengan jenis biaya variabel tertinggi yaitu biaya bibit Rp. 4.776.667 dan jumlah biaya terendah adalah biaya pestisida yaitu Rp. 222.717. Sehingga diperoleh jumlah total biaya dari biaya tetap dan biaya variabel sebesar Rp. 8.568.768. Untuk nilai rata-rata penerimaan petani responden pada usahatani nanas di Kecamatan Dolok Silau sebesar Rp.18.352.333 perperiode panen. Dan didapatkan nilai rata-rata pendapatan petani responden sebesar Rp.10.861.867 perperiode panen. (2) Saluran tataniaga di Kecamatan Dolok Silau terbagi menjadi 3 pola dengan melibatkan 2 lembaga pemasaran yaitu pedagang pengumpul desa dan pedagang desa. (3) Analisis efesiensi pada sistem tataniaga usahatani nanas menunjukkan bahwa pada saluran pemasaran I mendapatkan nila EP 0%, sedangkan pada saluran pemasaran II mendapatkan nilai EP sebesar 24%, dan pada saluran pemasaran III mendapatkan nilai EP sebesar 35,6% sehingga dapat dikatakan bahwa efisiensi pemasaran terjadi pada saluran pemasaran I.This research aims to: 1. Analyze pineapple farming in Dolok Silau District, Simalungun Regency. 2. Analyze the pineapple trading system in Dolok Silau District, Simalungun Regency. 3. Analyze whether the pineapple sales system in Dolok Silau District is efficient or not. The data analysis method used in this research is farming income analysis, trading margin analysis, farmer's share, and R/C to answer hypotheses 1, 2 and 3. The research was carried out in Nagori Parasmian, Panribuan, and Saran Padang, Dolok Silau District, Simalungun Regency. The research results show that (1) The average fixed cost of pineapple farming is Rp. 470,000 with a percentage of 5.8% of the total production costs. Meanwhile, the total variable costs are Rp. 8,098,768 with the highest type of variable cost, namely seed costs of Rp. 4,776,667 and the lowest cost is the cost of pesticides, namely Rp. 222,717. So that the total cost of fixed costs and variable costs is Rp. 8,568,768. The average income of respondent farmers from pineapple farming in Dolok Silau District is IDR 18,352,333 per harvest period. And it was found that the average income of respondent farmers was IDR 10,861,867 per harvest period. (2) Trading channels in Dolok Silau District are divided into 3 patterns involving 2 marketing institutions, namely village collecting traders and village traders. (3) Efficiency analysis of the pineapple farming trading system shows that marketing channel I gets an EP value of 0%, while marketing channel II gets an EP value of 24%, and marketing channel III gets an EP value of 35.6%, so it can be said that marketing efficiency occurs in marketing channel I.
PENGARUH JARAK LOKASI KEBUN KELAPA SAWIT RAKYAT TERHADAP BIAYA TRANSPORTASI DI DESA HUTA PADANG KECAMATAN BANDAR PASIR MANDOGE KABUPATEN ASAHAN
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk : Untuk mengetahui perbedaan biaya transportasi antara jarak dekat, jarak sedang, dan jarak jauh pengangkutan kelapa sawit rakyat di Desa Huta Padang. Untuk mengetahui pengaruh jarak lokasi terhadap biaya transportasi pengangkutan kelapa sawit rakyat di Desa Huta Padang. Metode penentuan populasi dan sampel populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah jumlah rumah tangga yang bertani, sedangkan sampel yang diambil adalah rumah tangga yang bertani kelapa sawit, pengambilan sampel dengan metode purposive sampling, yang dimana metode ini munggunakan kriteria yang telah dipilih oleh peneliti dalam memilih. Terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara biaya transportasi pengangkut kelapa sawit ke tempat pengumpulan hasil petani kelapa sawit berjarak dekat, jarak sedang, dan jarak jauh. Yang dimana petani kelapa sawit jarak jauh adalah biaya yg paling tinggi dengan rata – rata biaya transportasi sebesar Rp 148.333 dengan jumlah produksi sebanyak 1.000 kg, menyusul jarak sedang dengan rata – rata biaya produksi sebesar Rp 126.538 dengan jumlah produksi sebanyak 1.000 kg, dan biaya transportasi yang paling rendah adalah petani kelapa sawit yang berjarak dekat dengan rata – rata biaya transportasi sebesar Rp 111.363 dengan jumlah produksi sebanyak 1.000 kg. Dengan ini menunjukkan semakin jauh jarak kebun kelapa sawit ke tempat pengumpulan akhir TBS, semakin tinggi biaya transportasi yang harus dikeluarkan. hal ini dilihat berdasarkan hasil perhitungan uji paired sampel t-test dimana jarak dekat dengan nilai t-hitung 158,149>3,169 t-tabel, jarak sedang dengan nilai t-hitung 189,970>3,055 t-tabel, dan jarak jauh dengan nilai t-hitung 140,755>4,032 t-tabel. Maka Ho ditolak H1 diterima. Berdasarkan hasil analisis regresi linier berganda diperoleh bahwa secara simultan (serempak) biaya transportasi pengangkut TBS petani kelapa sawit (Y) dipengaruhi oleh jarak dekat (X1), jarak sedang (X2), dan jarak jauh (X3). Hal ini di dukung oleh nilai sig 0,001 < (α 0,05) dan nilai F- hitung 231,412>F- tabel 2,96. Berdasarkan hasil analisis regresi diperoleh secara parsial bahwa variabel jarak dekat (X1) jarak sedang (X2) dan jarak jauh (X3) memiliki pengaruh signifikan atau nyata terhadap biaya transportasi pengangkut TBS petani kelapa sawit di Desa Huta Padang Kecamatan Bandar Pasir Mandoge Kabupaten Asahan. Berdasarkan hasil analisis regresi linier berganda diperoleh bahwa secara simultan (serempak) biaya transportasi pengangkut TBS petani kelapa sawit (Y) dipengaruhi oleh jarak dekat (X1), jarak sedang (X2), dan jarak jauh (X3). Hal ini di dukung oleh nilai sig 0,000 < (α 0,05) dan nilai F- hitung 119,520>F- tabel 2,96. Berdasarkan hasil analisis regresi diperoleh secara parsial bahwa variabel jarak dekat (X1) jarak sedang (X2) dan jarak jauh (X3) memiliki pengaruh signifikan atau nyata terhadap biaya transportasi pengangkut TBS petani kelapa sawit di Desa Huta Padang Kecamatan Bandar Pasir Mandoge Kabupaten Asahan. This research aims to: To determine the difference in transportation costs between short distance, medium distance and long distance transportation of smallholder oil palm in Huta Padang Village. To determine the effect of location distance on transportation costs for transporting smallholder oil palm in Huta Padang Village. The method for determining the population and population sample in this study is the number of households that farm, while the sample taken is households that farm oil palm, sampling using a purposive sampling method, which uses the criteria chosen by the researcher in selecting. There is a significant difference between the cost of transporting oil palm to short-distance, medium-distance, and long-distance oil palm farmers' collection points. Where long-distance oil palm farmers are the highest cost with an average transportation cost of Rp 148,333 with a total production of 1,000 kg, followed by medium distance with an average production cost of Rp 126,538 with a total production of 1,000 kg, and the lowest transportation cost is oil palm farmers who are close to each other with an average transportation cost of Rp 111,363 with a total production of 1,000 kg. This shows that the farther the distance from the oil palm plantation to the final collection point of FFB, the higher the transportation costs that must be incurred. This is seen based on the results of the calculation of the paired test of the T-test sample where the close distance with a t-count value of 158,149>3.169 t-table, medium distance with a t-count value of 189,970>3.055 t-table, and long-distance with a t-count value of 140,755>4,032 t-table. So Ho was rejected H1 and accepted. Based on the results of multiple linear regression analysis, it was obtained that simultaneously (simultaneously) the transportation costs of oil palm farmers (Y) were affected by short distance (X1), medium distance (X2), and long distance (X3). This is supported by a sig value of 0.001 < (α 0.05) and an F-count value of 231.412>F-table 2.96. Based on the results of regression analysis, it was obtained partially that the short-distance (X1), medium-distance (X2) and long-distance (X3) variables had a significant or real influence on the transportation costs of FFB transporters of oil palm farmers in Huta Padang Village, Bandar Pasir Mandoge District, Asahan Regency. Based on the results of multiple linear regression analysis, it was obtained that simultaneously (simultaneously) the transportation costs of oil palm farmers (Y) were affected by short distance (X1), medium distance (X2), and long distance (X3). This is supported by a sig value of 0.000 < (α 0.05) and the value of F- count 119.520>F- table 2.96. Based on the results of regression analysis, it was obtained partially that the short-distance (X1), medium-distance (X2) and long-distance (X3) variables had a significant or real influence on the transportation costs of FFB transporters of oil palm farmers in Huta Padang Village, Bandar Pasir Mandoge District, Asahan Regency.
ANALISIS PENDAPATAN PEDAGANG MINUMAN AIR KELAPA MUDA DI KOTA PEMATANGSIANTAR
This research aims: To find out how much young coconut water drink traders earn in Pematangsiantar City. To find out how factors (capital, working hours and length of business) influence the income of young coconut water drink traders in Pematangsiantar City. The population in this study were traders of young coconut water drinks in Pematangsiantar City. The population in this study was 30 traders. The sampling method in this research was carried out using a simple random sampling method. The income of young coconut water drink traders per month is IDR. 27,996,000 and total business costs of Rp. 22,651,000. So the monthly income from selling squeezed oranges in the research area is IDR. 5,344,747. From the partial statistical test results, it was found that only capital (X1) had a significant or real effect on the income of young coconut water drink traders, while the variables length of business (X2), working hours (X3) and number of employees (X4) had no real or significant effect on income of young coconut water drink traders in the research area.
ANALISIS TINGKAT KONSUMSI DAN PREFERENSI KONSUMEN TERONG UNGU (Solanum malongena L.) SEGAR DI KOTA MEDAN
Produksi Terong Ungu sumatera utara tahun 2021 sebesar 51.320 ton berdasarkan data dari badan pusat statistik, sumatera utara sebagai salah satu provinsi penghasil terong ungu terbesar,dimana pusat kotanya berada di medan maka konsumsi terbesar terong ungu ada di masyarakat kota medan, Hal ini menjadi masalah dan ancaman bagi pemenuhan konsums terong ungu khususnya di Kota Medan. tingkat konsumsi terong ungu segar merupakan volume terong ungu yang di konsumsi oleh konsumen dalam satuan per waktu. Sehingga perlu dilihat tingkat konsumsi dan preferensi konsumen terhadap terong ungu segar baik dari sisi harga, ukuran , kelembaban , aroma yang menjadi pilihan akhir konsumen untuk memutuskan mengkonsumsi terong ungu segar sesuai kebutuhannya. Konsumsi terong ungu segar di kota medan sebesar 22,42 gram/kap/hari;. Preferensi Konsumen untuk membeli dan mengkonsumsi terong ungu segar yaitu memiliki komposisi kombinasi yang bernilai baik menunjukkan pada level atribut yang paling penting yaitu atribut harga(0.423);, ukuran (0.243), aroma (0.214), kelembaban (0.164) serta warna (0.104). Artinya konsumen lebih mengutamakan atribut harga terong ungu dibandingkan atribut lainnya. Model Kombinasi yang disukai konsumen terong ungu segar secara umum adalah kombinasi nomor 8 ;yaitu terong ungu segar dengan komposisi kombinasi level atribut ukuran kecil, beraroma tidak tajam, harga berkisar Rp 7000-10.000/kg dan tingkat kelembaban/kekeringannya kategori lembab serta memiliki warna ungu gelap. North Sumatra's purple eggplant production in 2021 is 51,320 tons based on data from the Central Statistics Agency, North Sumatra is one of the largest purple eggplant producing provinces, where the city center is in Medan, so the largest consumption of purple eggplant is in the people of Medan city. This is a problem and threat to the fulfillment of purple eggplant consumption, especially in the city of Medan. The consumption level of fresh purple eggplant is the volume of purple eggplant consumed by consumers in units per time. So it is necessary to look at the level of consumption and consumer preferences for fresh purple eggplant in terms of price, size, moisture, aroma which is the consumer's final choice to decide to consume fresh purple eggplant according to their needs. Consumption of fresh purple eggplant in Medan city is 22.42 grams/cap/day; Consumer preferences for buying and consuming fresh purple eggplant, which has a combination composition that has good value, shows the most important attribute levels, namely the attributes price (0.423), size (0.243), aroma (0.214), moisture (0.164) and color (0.104). This means that consumers prioritize the price attribute of purple eggplant compared to other attributes. The combination model preferred by consumers of fresh purple eggplant in general is combination number 8; namely fresh purple eggplant with a composition of a combination of attribute levels, small size, not sharp aroma, price ranges from IDR 7000-10,000/kg and the moisture/dryness level is in the moist category and has a dark purple color.
ANALISIS PENDAPATAN PEDAGANG BUMBU GILING DI PASAR TRADISIONAL KOTA PERDAGANGAN DAN SEKITARNYA
ABSTRAK : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk : (1) Untuk mengetahui tingkat keuntungan dan kelayakan terhadap pendapatan pedagang bumbu giling di pasar tradisional kota perdagangan dan sekitarnya. (2) Untuk mengetahui pengaruh Biaya Penyusutan Alat, Biaya Bahan Pembantu, Biaya Lokasi dan Biaya Bahan Baku terhadap pendapatan bumbu giling di pasar tradisional kota perdagangan dan sekitarnya. Penelitian ini dilakuan di Pasar Tradisional Kota Perdagangan dan Sekitarnya. Lokasi ini dipilih karena memenuhi seluruh aspek yang diperlukan dalam penelitian. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada Bulan Juni - Juli tahun 2022. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah sebanyak 3 pasar, ditentukan dengan pertimbangan aspek lokasi dari besarnya pasar. Dengan pertimbangan aspek besarnya letak lokasi pasar dengan demikian lokasi pasar yang menjadi sampel yaitu Pasar Terminal Baru, Pasar Simpang Dosin, dan Pasar Kucingan.. Responden di penelitian ini adalah tentang jumlah pedagang bumbu yang ada diketiga pasar sampel jumlahnya sebanyak 30 pedagang bumbu. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan metode sensus yang merupakan pengambilan sampel berdasarkan dengan kriteria-kriteria tertentu yaitu para pedagang bumbu giling yang sudah berjualan minimal 4 tahun. Hasil penelitian masalah diketahui bahwa Usaha pedagang bumbu giling menguntungkan layak untuk diusahakan karena dari hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwasanya pada pasar terminal baru R/C>2,14, pada pasar simpang dosin R/C>2,21, dan pada pasar kucingan R/C>2,15 artinya usaha bumbu giling untung untuk dikembangkan. Secara R2 0,694 yang artinya bahwa sebesar 69,4% dijelaskan biaya penyusutan alat, biaya bahan pembantu, biaya lokasi dan biaya bahan baku, sisa selisihnya 30,6% lainnya dipengaruhi atau dijelaskan oleh variabel lain yang tidak masuk dalam penelitian ini. Sedangkan uji F 14,200 dengan tingkat signifikan 0,000<0,05. Secara parsial (uji t) tidak semua variabel berpengaruh, dimana biaya penyusutan alat tidak berpengaruh nyata dan tidak signifikan, biaya bahan pembantu berpengaruh nyata dan signifikan, biaya lokasi tidak berpengaruh nyata dan tidak signifikan, dan biaya bahan baku berpengaruh nyata terhadap usaha bumbu giling. ABSTRACT : Era Nur Vira "Analysis of Income of Milled Seasoning Traders at Traditional Markets in the City of Commerce and Surroundings" which was supervised by Mrs. Ir Romauli Simanjuntak, M.Sc., as the Chair of the Supervisor and Mr. Ir. Jhonson A. Marbun, M.Sc., as Advisory Member.This study aims to: (1) To determine the level of profitability and feasibility of the income of ground spice traders in traditional markets in trading cities and their surroundings. (2) To determine the effect of Equipment Depreciation Costs, Auxiliary Material Costs, Location Costs and Raw Material Costs on the income of ground spices in traditional markets in trading cities and their surroundings.This research was conducted at the Traditional Markets of the City of Trade and its Surroundings. This location was chosen because it meets all the aspects needed in the research. This research was conducted in June - July 2022. The samples used in this study were 3 markets, determined by considering the location aspect of the size of the market. Taking into account the size aspect of the market location, the market locations that were sampled were the New Terminal Market, Simpang Dosin Market, and Kucingan Market. Respondents in this study were about the number of spice traders in the three sample markets, totaling 30 spice traders. Sampling was carried out using the census method, which is sampling based on certain criteria, namely ground spice traders who have been selling for at least 4 years.The results of the research problem show that the business of selling ground spices is profitable and worth pursuing because from these results it can be concluded that in the new terminal market R/C>2.14, in the dosin intersection market R/C>2.21, and in the catfish market R/C C>2.15 means that the ground spice business is profitable to develop. R2 is 0.694, which means that 69.4% is explained by the cost of equipment depreciation, auxiliary material costs, location costs and raw material costs, the remaining 30.6% difference is influenced or explained by other variables not included in this study. While the F test is 14.200 with a significant level of 0.000 <0.05. Partially (t test) not all variables have an effect, where the cost of equipment depreciation has no significant and insignificant effect, auxiliary material costs have a significant and significant effect, location costs have no significant and insignificant effect, and raw material costs have a significant effect on the ground spice business.
PERSEPSI PETANI TERHADAP PERTANIAN ORGANIK DI DESA BULOTALANGI TIMUR KECAMATAN BULANGO TIMUR
This research aims to determine farmers' perceptions of organic farming and the indicators that influence farmers' perceptions of organic farming in East Bulotalangi Village, East Bulango District, Bone Bolango Regency. This research was conducted in October 2023. This type of research is quantitative and qualitative descriptive research using survey methods. The data collection method uses in-depth interviews using questionnaires. There are 7 indicators that were used as material for interviews with farmers, some of the indicators are the extent to which farmers believe that organic farming is more environmentally friendly compared to conventional farming methods, the most answers believe it with a percentage of 45.7% (16 people), the other indicator is the results of farming Organic farming produces quality and healthier products than non- organic farming, the most answers agree with a percentage of 37.1%. Farmers mostly give feedback that organic farming is good because it is environmentally friendly but difficult to implement because maintenance and growth are slower than when they implement conventional farming
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ANALISIS PERSEPSI MASYARAKAT TERHADAP KEBERADAAN PERUSAHAAN PERKEBUNAN KELAPA SAWIT PT. PP LONDON SUMATERA INDONESIA, TBK DI DESA NAGA TIMBUL KEC. TANJUNG MORAWA
Palm oil has a strategic role in the Indonesian economy. First, palm oil is one of the nine basic commodities needed by society, so the price must be affordable for all levels of society. Second, as one of the mainstay agricultural commodities for non-oil and gas exports, as a source of foreign exchange and tax earnings. Third, create job opportunities and at the same time improve community welfare. The economic potential of oil palm plants is very large. This research is about the views or perceptions of the community regarding the existence of oil palm plantations, namely PT. PP London Sumatra Indonesia, Tbk. Using descriptive qualitative research. This descriptive qualitative method is research to obtain information about a situation according to the situation that existed at the time of conducting the research. This research is not intended to test a predetermined hypothesis but only uses what is available regarding an event or situation. This research is used because the problem being studied requires a disclosure whose research is descriptive in nature. Based on the results of the research that has been carried out, the researchers came to the conclusion, the public’s perception of the existence of the Palm Oil Plantation Company PT.PP London Sumatra Indonesia Tbk, the people of Naga Timbul village, Tanjung Morawa subdistrict give a positive perception
Oil Palm Plantation Company PT. PP London Sumatera Indoensia, Tbk In Naga Village, Kecamatan Cape Morawa
STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN SISTEM AGROINDUSTRI LEMANG (Studi Kasus di Kota Tebing Tinggi)
Riaunaldi Juari Sitanggang, Lemang Agroindustry System Development Strategy (Case Study in Tebing Tinggi City). Under the guidance of Ir. Jhonson A. Marbun, M.Si (Supervisor I) and Dr. Roeskani Sinaga, S.P, M.Si (Supervisor II).Agro-industry is an activity that utilizes agricultural products as raw materials, designs and provides equipment and services for these activities. The development of the lemang agro-industry is quite bright because there are many consumers who are interested in lemang products whose processed products consist of glutinous rice.One of the agro-industrial products that can be used as raw material is glutinous rice (Oryza sativa glutinosa) which is processed into lemang. Glutinous rice is a rice variety that belongs to the Graminae family. Glutinous rice contains carbohydrates which are quite high, namely around 80%, about 4% fat, 6% protein and 10% water. In addition to the carbohydrate content contained in it, there is also a higher calorie, calcium and phosphate content compared to ordinary rice. Glutinous rice also contains various types of minerals and vitamins B1 and B2. The softening properties of glutinous rice are affected by the gelatinization temperature and the concentration of rice gel.Glutinous rice is one of the raw materials for making lemang. Lemang is a popular traditional food in Indonesia. Initially, lemang was a typical food that was usually served on holidays and various other celebrations. However, nowadays lemang has become a food that is usually eaten daily and as a side dish for durian and even today lemang is one of the typical souvenirs from the City of Tebing Tinggi.Tebing Tinggi City is a service and trade city where the processing of agricultural products in Tebing Tinggi City is dominated by household-scale food industries, including peanut cakes, chips, crackers, lemang, tofu processing, brown sugar, and others. Until now, in the city of Tebing Tinggi, the food industry that is still popular and the main attraction is lemang. The position of the City of Tebing Tinggi is very strategic because it is a cross-tourism city which has been developed as a stopover and is an opportunity in itself to develop the people's economy. Currently, many people are doing lemang culinary business. The rapid development of this business has resulted in intense competition between producers.This study aims to determine the performance of agro- industry to Lemang Business in Tebing Tinggi City, to determine Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats faced by lemang agro-industry in Tebing Tinggi City, and to determine the development strategy of Lemang Business Agro-industry in Tebing Tinggi City.The method of determining the research area was carried out purposively. This lemang development strategy was analyzed descriptively with interviews and field observations. Then an analysis was also carried out regarding the agro-industrial system for lemang entrepreneurs and sellers with simple linear regression analysis,This research was conducted in the City of Tebing Tinggi. There were 17 respondents from entrepreneurs and 15 respondents from sellers using simple random sampling. Consists of 3 locations.Based on the results of interviews that researchers conducted with lemang entrepreneurs and sellers, they were able to meet welfare indicators.Based on the test results, the development strategy for the lemang agro-industry system in Tebing Tinggi City is based on the performance of the agro-industry for the lemang business, in the use of raw materials and supporting materials that are sufficiently available, the processing equipment for lemang is also sufficiently available, but some lemang entrepreneurs replace tools, namely bamboo into aluminum molds that resemble shapes bamboo where the mold can be used repeatedly is not the same as bamboo which is used only once in production, in the use of labor it is also quite available where the workforce uses labor within the family and labor outside the family, in producing the lemang business production costs and revenue it generates a large enough income so that it can promise to make ends meet. Based on the SWOT analysis, it is located in quadrant I (Aggressive Strategy) and the strategy used is the S-O (Strenghts-Opportunities) strategy, which means that the strategy for developing the lemang agro-industry system in Tebing Tinggi City is to utilize strengths and maximize opportunities
ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN PRODUKSI DAN PENDAPATAN USAHA TANI MENTIMUN ANTARA LAHAN DARAT DENGAN LAHAN BEKAS SAWAH DI NAGORI MALIGAS BAYU KECAMATAN HUTA BAYU RAJA
Pelnellitian ini belrtujuan untuk melngeltahui pelrbandingan prolduksi usaha tani melntimun antara lahan darat dan lahan belkas sawah di Nagolri Maligas Bayu, Kelcamatan Huta Bayu Raja dan untuk melngeltahui pelrbandingan pelndapaatan usaha tani melntimun antara lahan darat dan lahan belkas sawah di Nagolri Maligas Bayu, Kelcamatan Huta Bayu Raja. Melntimun melmpunyai nama latin Cucumis Sativus L. Melntimun telrmasuk dalam kelluarga labu-labuan (Cucubitacel ael ). Seljarah melntimun belrasal dari Himalaya di Belnua Asia, dan tellah melluas kel selluruh daratan baik trolpis atau subtrolpis, kelmudian telrus melluas hingga kel Indolnelsia. Usaha tani adalah ilmu yang melmpellajari telntang cara peltani melngellolla input atau faktolr-faktolr prolduksi (tanah, telnaga kelrja, moldal, telknollolgi, pupuk, belnih, dan pelstisida) delngan elfelktif, elfisieln, dan kolntinyu untuk melnghasilkan prolduksi yang tinggi selhingga pelndapatan usahataninya melningkat. Meltoldel pelnellitian ini adalah pelnellitian analisis delskriptif. Polpulasi dalam pelnellitian ini adalah peltani melntimun antara lahan darat dan lahan belkas sawah yang belrada di Nagolri Maligas Bayu Kelcamatan Hutta Bayu Raja Kabupateln Simalungun yang belrjumlah 44 olrang. Instrumeln yang digunakan untuk melngumpulkan data belrupa data primelr dan data selkundelr. Data primelr dipelrollelh dari wawancara langsung delngan para relspolndeln belrdasarkan kuisiolnelr yang tellah dipelrsiapkan telrlelbih dahulu, seldangkan data selkundelr melrupakan data pellelngkap yang dipelrollelh dari belrbagai instansi atau lelmbaga telrkait selpelrti BPS, Dinas Pelrtanian selrta litelratur yang ada hubungannya delngan pelnellitian ini.dan untuk melnelntukan hasil akhir pelnulis melnggunakan telknik analisis data. Hasil pelnellitian yang pelnulis lakukan melnunjukkan prolduksi usaha tani melntimun di Nagolri Maligas Bayu melmiliki nilai prolduksi yang belrbelda anatara peltani melntimun yang melnggunakan lahan belkas sawah dibandingkan lahan darat dan pelndapatan rata-rata usaha tani melntimun di Nagolri Maligas Bayu Kelcamatan Huta Bayu Raja melmiliki pelrbeldaan signifikan antara lahan belkas sawah delngan lahan darat. Dari hasil analisis data dipelrollelh peltani melntimun yang melnggunakan lahan belkas sawah delngan prolduksi selbanyak 3.489,5 kg/usaha tani lelbih tinggi dibandingkan lahan darat selbelsar 3.286,4 kg/usaha tani dan peltani melntimun yang melnggunakan lahan belkas sawah delngan nolminal pelndapatan selbelsar Rp. 4.544.748,50/usaha tani lelbih tinggi dibandingkan lahan darat selbelsar Rp. 3.791.521,80/usaha tani. Delngan nilai sig 0,041 < 0,05. Delngan analisis data telrselbut maka pelrbandingan prolduksi usaha tani melntimun antara lahan darat dan lahan belkas sawah selrta pelndapatan rata-rata usaha tani melntimun di Nagolri Maligas Bayu Kelcamatan Hutabayu Raja melmiliki pelrbeldaan signifikan antara lahan belkas sawah delngan lahan darat. Belrdasarkan analisis data dan kelsimpulan pada bab pelmbahasan maka pelnulis melngajukan saran-saran selbagai belrikut : Untuk peltani melntimun di Nagolri Maligas Bayu selbaiknya lelbih banyak mellakukan inolvasi pelrawatan dalam mellakukan usaha tani timun untuk melmaksimalkan lagi prolduksi.
PERAMALAN HARGA JAGUNG MENGGUNAKAN MODEL ARIMA
Corn is one of the important commodities in Indonesia. Corn price movements sometimes have certain fluctuations and trends. Because corn is an important commodity and its price movements greatly influence other sectors, a method is needed to forecast corn prices. This research aims to forecast corn prices using the ARIMA model. The data used is monthly data on corn prices from March 2019 to March 2023. The best model produced in this research is ARIMA(2,2,2). This model meets the criteria for white noise and residual normality and is the model with the smallest SSE and MSE values. This model is used to predict corn prices in Indonesia in the next 12 months. The forecast results show that the corn price trend is likely to increase until May 2024. This is possible because in the past two to three years the corn price trend has indeed increased slowly.
Adopsi Petani Terhadap Pertanian Organik Di Kecamatan Bulango Timur
Organic farming is a farming activity that is friendly to the environment. Organic farming tries to minimize negative impacts on the surrounding nature. The research was conducted in Bone Bolango Regency, East Bulango District, with the consideration that (1) 5 villages out of a total of 5 villages in East Bulango District have started implementing organic farming systems, (2) adequate data is available and (3) ease of use. collect data for researchers. The research sample was carried out using the census sampling method, namely taking a total sample of all members of the population. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that organic farming in East Bulango District, Bone Bolango Regency with the first indicator has attended training on organic farming systems. 17 farmers answered Yes, 10 farmers answered No, the second indicator is Increased production when implementing an organic farming system 26 farmers answered Yes, 1 farmer answered No, the third indicator is whether they plan to expand the organic farming system, 14 farmers answered Yes, 13 farmers answered No, the fourth indicator is whether they have their own market for their products organic farming 13 people answered Yes and 14 others answered No. Most of them responded that organic farming was good because it was environmentally friendly but difficult to implement and did not meet targets because maintenance and growth were slower than when they used conventional farming or when they used chemical fertilizers instead of using organic fertilizers.
Analisis Faktor – Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Pendapatan Usaha Tani Bengkuang Di Nagori Dolok Malela, Kecamatan Gunung Malela Kabupaten Simalungun
This research aims to determine the influence of production factors (land area, input costs, equipment depreciation, and labor costs) on yam yam farming income in Nagori Dolok Malela, Gunung Malela District, Simalungun Regency. From the results of research conducted in Nagori Dolok Malela, Gunung Malela District, Simalungun Regency, land area has a positive and significant effect on the production of Jicama farming in Nagori Dolok Malela, Gunung Malela District, Simalungun Regency. The cost of inputs has a negative and insignificant effect on the production of Jicama farming in Nagori Dolok Malela, Gunung Malela District, Simalungun Regency. Equipment depreciation has a positive and significant effect on the production of Jicama farming in Nagori Dolok Malela, Gunung Malela District, Simalungun Regency. Labor costs have a positive and significant effect on the production of Jicama farming in Nagori Dolok Malela, Gunung Malela District, Simalungun Regency.